SUMMARY:
The inner ear contains many fissures and canals that can mimic pathology. Photon-counting CT allows greater spatial and contrast resolution of these structures over traditional energy-integrating CT detectors. Small channels containing nerves, arteries, and normal anatomy such as the cochlear cleft and cochlear and vestibular aqueducts are commonly encountered on temporal bone imaging. The improved visualization of these structures poses challenges for radiologists who are new to photon…
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Comprehensive Review of Inner Ear Anatomy on Photon-Counting CT [HEAD AND NECK IMAGING]
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Postprocedural Brachial Neuritis: Clinical, Electrodiagnostic, and Neuroimaging Features [CLINICAL]
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:
Brachial neuritis is a monophasic condition affecting the brachial plexus and its branches, manifesting as acute shoulder and upper arm pain, followed by weakness and paresthesias. It can be triggered by antecedent events, including procedures such as surgery. Misdiagnosis and delay in diagnosis are common. Imaging is important to confirm the diagnosis of postprocedural brachial neuritis and exclude other etiologies.MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Clinical, electrodiagnostic, an… -
Coronal Clival Cleft in CHARGE Syndrome: Fetal MRI Series [CLINICAL]
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:
CHARGE is a syndrome that affects the brain, eyes, ears, heart, face, and genitourinary system. Prenatal diagnosis could optimize counseling, delivery planning, and therapeutic interventions; however, reports of associated fetal neuroimaging features are scarce. While some findings are nonspecific, olfactory, inner ear, and skull base anomalies are commonly present and may be observable at the time of fetal imaging. We sought to determine the scope of prenatal CNS MRI fin… -
Assessing the Diagnostic Value of Brain White Matter Hyperintensities and Clinical Symptoms in Predicting the Detection of CSF-Venous Fistula in Patients with Suspected Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension [RESEARCH]
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:
Spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) due to CSF-venous fistula (CVF) is increasingly recognized as a secondary cause of headaches, with symptoms often overlapping with primary headache syndromes such as migraine. While brain MRI studies have focused on features indicative of SIH, findings that support an alternate headache etiology, such as the bifrontal white matter hyperintensities (WMH) often seen in migraines, have not been explored in this context. This study a… -
Development and Evaluation of Automated Artificial Intelligence-Based Brain Tumor Response Assessment in Patients with Glioblastoma [ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE]
SUMMARY:
This project aimed to develop and evaluate an automated, AI-based, volumetric brain tumor MRI response assessment algorithm on a large cohort of patients treated at a high-volume brain tumor center. We retrospectively analyzed data from 634 patients treated for glioblastoma at a single brain tumor center over a 5-year period (2017–2021). The mean age was 56 ± 13 years. 372/634 (59%) patients were male, and 262/634 (41%) patients were female. Study data consisted of 3,403 br… -
Automated Quantification of Cerebral Microbleeds in SWI: Association with Vascular Risk Factors, White Matter Hyperintensity Burden, and Cognitive Function [CLINICAL]
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:
The amount and distribution of cerebral microbleeds (CMB) are important risk factors for cognitive impairment. Our objective was to train and validate a deep learning (DL)-based segmentation model for cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) on SWI and to find associations among CMB, cognitive impairment, and vascular risk factors.MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Participants in this single-institution retrospective study underwent brain MRI to evaluate cognitive impairment between January a… -
Hyperperfusion and Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption beyond the Diffusion-Restricted Infarct 1 Day after Successful Mechanical Thrombectomy [NEUROVASCULAR/STROKE IMAGING]
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:
Patterns of the cerebral microcirculatory response with changes in the BBB and perfusion in patients with stroke and a large vessel occlusion are still unclear. We combined dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) permeability and DSC perfusion MRI to detect such patterns beyond the borders of the diffusion-restricted infarct core after successful recanalization.MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Combined DCE permeability and DSC perfusion MRI were performed prospectively in patients within… -
Stroke Thrombectomy for Large Infarcts with Limited Penumbra: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials [CLINICAL]
BACKGROUND:
Recent randomized trials have suggested that endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) is superior to medical management (MM) for stroke patients with large infarcts. However, whether or how perfusion metrics should be used to guide optimal patient selection for treatment is unknown.PURPOSE:
To synthesize trial results to provide more definitive guidance on the role of EVT for stroke patients with large infarcts based on perfusion metrics.DATA SOURCES:
MEDLINE database from inception up to… -
Association of Pretreatment Perfusion Imaging Parameters with 90-Day Excellent Functional Outcomes in Anterior Circulation Distal Medium Vessel Occlusion Stroke [CLINICAL]
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:
Acute ischemic strokes caused by distal medium vessel occlusions (DMVOs) represent a remarkable proportion of all stroke cases, yet the predictors of excellent functional outcomes in these patients remain poorly understood. This study aims to identify pretreatment CTP parameters associated with excellent functional outcomes, defined as an mRS score of 0–1 at 90 days, in patients with anterior circulation DMVO.MATERIALS AND METHODS:
We conducted a retrospective mul…