BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:
Single large-scale mitochondrial deletion syndrome (SLSMD) comprises devastating mitochondrial diseases often classified into 3 major clinical syndromes: Kearns-Sayre syndrome (KSS), chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia (CPEO), and Pearson syndrome (PS). Nevertheless, there remains large clinical variability and overlap among these SLSMD groups. Therefore, further stratification is required for more precise prognostication and clinical management. Through detailed…
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Single Large-Scale Mitochondrial Deletion Syndromes: Neuroimaging Phenotypes and Longitudinal Progression in Pediatric Patients [CLINICAL]
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Diagnostic Confidence of Contrast-Enhanced T1-Weighted MRI for the Detection of Brain Metastases: 3D FSE versus 3D GRE-Based Sequences [CLINICAL]
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:
This retrospective study evaluated the utility of contrast-enhanced T1-weighted 3D fast spin-echo–based sampling perfection with application-optimized contrasts by using different flip angle evolutions (SPACE) sequences for brain metastasis detection on 3T MRI compared with a gradient-recalled echo–based 3D FLASH sequence.MATERIALS AND METHODS:
We identified all patients at a single institution who underwent SPACE and 3D FLASH sequences as part of a practice… -
Evaluation of Vestibular Schwannoma Size across Time: How Well Do the Experts Perform and What Can Be Improved? [RESEARCH]
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:
2D linear measurements are often used in routine clinical practice during vestibular schwannoma (VS) follow-up, primarily due to wider availability and ease of use. We sought to determine the radiologist’s performance compared with 3D-volumetry, along with the impact of the number of linear measurements, slice thickness, and tumor volumes on these parameters.MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Specificity and accuracy estimates and 95% confidence intervals were calculated for … -
Delta Wave MRI: fMRI of Electrophysiologic Activity [RESEARCH]
SUMMARY:
We propose a novel application of MR encephalography (MREG) to detect the frequency spectrum of endogenous slow oscillatory brain activity (delta, <4 Hz). MREG offers faster image acquisition than conventional fMRI and superior spatial localization than electroencephalography/magnetoencephalography. MREG was acquired at a 0.1-second temporal resolution in a healthy adult during interleaved wakefulness and sleep to demonstrate its capability for detecting delta-band power changes asso… -
Effects of Psilocybin on Mouse Brain Microstructure [RESEARCH]
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:
There is surging interest in the therapeutic potential of psychedelic compounds like psilocybin in the treatment of psychiatric illnesses like major depressive disorder (MDD). Recent studies point to the rapid antidepressant effect of psilocybin; however, the biologic mechanisms underlying these differences remain unknown. This study determines the feasibility of using diffusion MRI to characterize and define the potential spatiotemporal microstructural differences in the… -
Safety and Efficacy of the Neuroform Atlas Stent for Treatment of Intracranial Aneurysms: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Meta-Regression [RESEARCH]
BACKGROUND:
Intracranial aneurysms (IAs) are the major cause of subarachnoid hemorrhage. Stent-assisted coiling, especially with the Neuroform Atlas stent (NAS), has proved more effective than coiling alone for treating these aneurysms.PURPOSE:
To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the efficacy and safety of the NAS in treating IAs.DATA SOURCES:
A comprehensive literature search was conducted on PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and cli… -
Effectiveness and Safety of Mechanical Thrombectomy in Mild Stroke due to Large-Vessel Occlusion: Insights from the ASSIST Registry [CLINICAL]
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:
Mechanical thrombectomy (MT) is effective for acute ischemic stroke, yet its indication in mild stroke remains unclear. This study evaluates the effectiveness and safety of MT in patients with low NIHSS scores and assesses the impact of different MT strategies on procedural success and clinical outcomes.MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Data from the ASSIST Registry were analyzed. We categorized patients with large-vessel occlusion of the anterior circulation into mild (NIHSS ≤… -
Deep Medullary Vein Integrity and Relationships with Small Vessel Disease and Interstitial Diffusivity Measures in Patients with a Recent Small Subcortical Infarct [RESEARCH]
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:
The role of the venous compartment in cerebral small vessel disease has yet to be fully understood. As such, we evaluated how deep medullary vein (DMV) integrity relates to MRI-based small vessel disease severity markers and glymphatic function assessed by DTI measures in patients with a recent small subcortical infarct.MATERIALS AND METHODS:
We gathered demographic, clinical, and 3T MRI imaging data from 50 patients with a recent small subcortical infarct. We evaluated… -
7T MRI as a Powerful Tool to Detect Small- and Medium-Size Vessel CNS Vasculitis [CLINICAL]
SUMMARY:
Imaging can help to diagnose CNS vasculitis. Yet so far, no imaging studies of CNS vasculitis at 7T are available. We share our experience of vessel wall imaging (VWI) at 7T in patients with suspected vasculitis. All included patients (n=45) underwent a clinically approved 7T MRI comprising high-resolution arterial TOF angiography as well as high-resolution VWI with T1 sampling perfection with application-optimized contrast using different flip angle evolution (SPACE) and T1 SE acquired… -
[18F]-FDG Uptake as a Marker of Residual Anaplastic and Poorly Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma following BRAF-Targeted Therapy [CLINICAL]
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:
Neoadjuvant BRAF-directed therapy and immunotherapy followed by surgery improves survival in patients with BRAFV600E-mutant anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC), more so in those who have complete ATC pathologic response. This study assesses the ability of FDG-PET to noninvasively detect residual high-risk pathologies including ATC and poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma (PDTC) in the preoperative setting.MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This retrospective, single-center study …