Lung cancer continues to be the foremost cause of global cancer deaths, particularly in China [1,2]. Early-stage lung cancer often presents as small pulmonary nodules. Improvements in high-resolution computed tomography (CT) and the broad adoption of low-dose CT screening have significantly enhanced the detection rates of GGNs[3,4]. GGNs exhibit a higher likelihood of malignancy than solid nodules[5,6]; nonetheless, a substantial proportion are histopathologically confirmed as benign[7]. Clinica…
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The role of neuroimaging in brain death diagnosis: a review of radiological protocols and the need for standardization
For hundreds of years, the death of an individual has been identified with the permanent cessation of breathing and cardiac activity. The first clinical definition of brain death, described as coma, dates to 1959, when Mollaret and Goulon reported a personal experience of 23 patients in deep coma, a reactive without brainstem function and subjected to artificial ventilation [1]. After the first cardiac transplant performed by Christian Barnard in 1967, the culture of organ donation began to be p…
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Multimodal deep learning for predicting unsuccessful recanalization in refractory large vessel occlusion
Acute ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion (LVO) is a severe neurological emergency requiring fast and effective treatment. Endovascular therapy (EVT) is currently the most effective treatment, achieving successful reperfusion in up to 80–85 % of cases [1–3]. However, in patients with intracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD), complete recanalization is more difficult to achieve without rescue treatments such as angioplasty and stenting, leading to worse outcomes [4]. Independently fr…
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CT-based radiomics models for predicting spread through air space in lung cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Lung cancer stands as the primary cause of cancer-related mortality, with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounting for 85 % of cases [1,2]. In addition to the conventional pattern of lung cancer invasion, typically involving myofibroblast stroma, lymphovascular or pleural invasion, the spread through air spaces (STAS) has been officially defined as an unconventional mechanism [3–5]. Recently, the 9th edition of the TNM classification of lung cancer proposed to introduce STAS as a histologic…
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Tooth-in-eye standardized longitudinal radiological CT monitoring: Clinical impact in a fourteen-year series
Report the natural history of laminar resorption quantitatively and qualitatively on serial CT after sight-restoring osteo-odonto-keratoprosthesis (OOKP) surgery, conduct OOKP survival analysis, and describe how standardized CT monitoring using a three-prong approach aids clinical evaluation and management, including decision-making for prophylactic OOKP exchange.
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The value of a deep learning image reconstruction algorithm for assessing vertebral compression fractures using dual-energy computed tomography
With a rising incidence, thoracolumbar vertebral compression fractures (VCFs) have emerged as a pressing public health concern due to risk of severe disability, especially in industrialized countries with increasing aging populations[1]. Differentiating between acute and chronic fractures is crucial for determining the appropriate treatment approach (whether conservative or surgical) and reducing the risk of associated complications.
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Cost-effectiveness of photon counting detector CT for coronary artery disease diagnostics: A Finnish healthcare perspective
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of photon-counting detector computed tomography (PCD-CT) compared to energy-integrating detector CT (EID-CT) for coronary artery disease (CAD) diagnostics in the Finnish healthcare context.
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Balanced steady-state free precession MRI: History and evolution
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) was developed on the principle of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), first observed in 1938 by Rabi [1] and subsequently formulated in 1946 by Bloch [2] and Purcell [3]. During the next two decades, NMR remained primarily a spectroscopy tool due to limited imaging technology, computing power, and clinical awareness. Its medical potential was not realized until 1971, when Damadian first noted that NMR relaxation times differed in cancerous and normal tissue [4]. La…
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Human factors in diagnostic radiology: practical challenges and cognitive biases
The science of human factors refers to the individual and environmental influences which impact personal behaviour and subsequently health and safety within the workplace [1,2]. A triad of interdependent factors within the healthcare system (Fig. 1) can align to produce medical error via the well-documented ‘Swiss cheese’ model, with 1 in 20 hospital admissions believed to include a medical error of some shape or form [3]. Persistent effort is necessary to raise awareness of human factors and ut…
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Fast-field-echo resembling a CT using restricted echo-spacing (FRACTURE) can differentiate osteophytes from disc herniations in patients with cervical radiculopathy: a feasibility study
To evaluate the diagnostic performance of fast-field-echo resembling a CT using restricted echo-spacing (FRACTURE) for differentiating cervical osteophytes and disc herniations.