Potential of the signature index (S-index), a diffusion MRI Biomarker, to enhance diagnosis of clinically significant prostate cancer and decrease the rate of unnecessary biopsies

Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignancies in men and a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide [1]. Prostate specific antigen (PSA) and digital rectal examination have been used for prostate cancer screening for a long time. However, PSA has limited specificity, particularly in the presence of symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia [2]. Multiparametric prostate MRI (mp-MRI) provides more critical information prior tobiopsy or surgery, and improves the specificity of pr…

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