Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks as the third most commonly diagnosed malignancy and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally [1]. Despite advancements in surgery and systemic therapies, the intricate molecular heterogeneity of CRC continues to hinder biomarker-guided treatment stratification and precision oncology approaches [2]. Among the established molecular biomarkers in CRC, microsatellite instability (MSI) has emerged as a critical determinant of prognosis and therapeutic r…