Demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system represent a diverse spectrum of inflammatory disorders affecting myelin sheaths, including multiple sclerosis (MS), neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD), and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disorders (MOGAD). MRI is the cornerstone imaging modality, providing superior sensitivity over CT for detecting demyelinating lesions in the brain and spinal cord. Advanced MRI techniques such as diffusion tensor imaging,…