Severe aortic stenosis (AS) is a leading cause of morbimortality in the elderly, and accurate identification of patients who benefit from valve replacement (AVR) is essential. Although guideline-directed diagnostic pathways are well established for high-gradient AS and low-flow, low-gradient (LFLG) AS, management of patients with normal-flow, low-gradient (NFLG) AS, defined by an aortic valve area (AVA) ≤1.0 cm2, stroke volume index (SVi) > 35 mL/m2 and mean gradient (MG) < 40 mmHg, r…