BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:
Intra-arterial chemotherapy (IAC) is a potent treatment for patients with pediatric retinoblastoma (RB). Ophthalmic artery (OA) navigation via the ICA can be technically challenging; and in cases with robust anastomoses to the OA from the middle meningeal artery (MMA), the latter may serve as an alternative route. Our study evaluates the ability of preprocedural MRA to identify OA variants and the presence of MMA-to-OA/lacrimal artery (LA) anastomoses to enhance successfu…