Advances in the pathogenesis of pulsatile tinnitus induced by sigmoid sinus wall abnormalities: A narrative review

Pulsatile tinnitus (PT) is a common symptom encountered in both otology and neurology, characterized by the perception of rhythmic noise synchronized with the heartbeat [1–3]. Persistent PT can negatively impact both mental and physical health, even leading to functional and structural cerebral changes [4,5]. Based on the underlying causes, PT can be divided into arterial, venous, and neoplastic types, with venous PT being the most prevalent [6–9]. A small sample study reported that among 49 pat…

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